REFERENCE ARTICLES

This page provides an index to items on this web site which provide substantial information or discussion about long-term aspects of Jupiter’s atmospheric features.  It also includes brief summaries of the major atmospheric events since the 1990s.

Published papers in the Journal of the BAA are referenced and posted on our page called ‘Publications – Full Section Reports’

--For these references, please go to this page and scroll down to find the paper, with links to a PDF and sometimes to the hi-res illustrations.

Many other items are included in the interim reports and final reports posted on our page ‘Reports’ links are given below.

Several new articles have been posted on this page alone. All hyperlinks in bold blue.

Jet streams (jets)

‘Reference list of Jupiter’s jets’

This page gives the peak speed and latitude for each jet from each of the 4 major spacecraft data sets up to 2007 (Voyager, Hubble S.T., Cassini, New Horizons).

The SEBs jet:

 “The speeds of the SEBs and STBn jets”

--in ‘Jupiter in 2007: Final numerical report’ – (Part 3, box on page 4)

The STBn jet:

‘Jupiter’s South Temperate domain: Long-lived features 2001-2012 and systematic variations in latitude’

Jupiter in 2014/15: Interim Report (Feb 8th, 2015.)

The S2 (SSTBn) to S5 jets:

Jupiter’s southern high-latitude domains: long-lived features and dynamics, 2001-2012.

Zonal wind profiles from amateur work:

Infrared and Methane-band imaging:

See our reports for the apparitions of 1997, 1999/2000 (Part II), and 2000/2001 (Part II), all available under ‘Publications – Full Section Reports’, as follows:

1) ‘Methane band images of Jupiter, 1995-1997.’

           --Rogers JH, Foulkes M & Miyazaki I, JBAA 111 (no.4), 197-198:

            Appendix to ‘Jupiter in 1997’.

2) ‘Jupiter in 1999/2000, Part II: Infrared wavelengths.’  

       --Rogers J, JBAA 113 (3), 136-140 (2003).  

       [Includes review of the properties of various methane filters used for imaging Jupiter.]

3) ‘Jupiter in 2000/2001: Part II: Infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths: A review of multispectral imaging of the jovian atmosphere.’

       -- Rogers JH, Akutsu T, & Orton GS,  JBAA 114 (no.6), 313-330 (2004).   

... and shorter summaries in recent interim reports:

4) ‘Jupiter in 2007: Multispectral Imaging’

5) ‘Multispectral imaging of the EZ and NTB coloration events’

            (inc. brief survey for 2008-2012):

Global Upheavals

A Global Upheaval, as defined in the 1970s, occurred in 1990 and then again in 2007.

See discussion in reports for 2007:

‘Jupiter embarks on a global upheaval’

‘The NTBs jet in 2007 and 2008: Evidence on the structure of the jet and the nature of global upheavals.’

S.S.Temperate to S.Polar regions

The long lived oval at 60deg S:

Rogers JH, Adamoli G & Mettig H-J  (2011 Feb.) JBAA 121 (no.1), 19-29. ‘Jupiter’s high-latitude storms: A Little Red Spot tracked through a jovian year.’ [inc. Supplemental tables.)

-------------------

Long-lived circulations in the S.S. Temperate domain:

‘Long-lived circulations in the S.S. Temperate domain’

-------------------

All long-lived features including the anticyclonic white ovals:

Jupiter’s southern high-latitude domains: long-lived features and dynamics, 2001-2012.

S. Temperate region

This includes oval BA, which formed by merging ovals in 2000, and turned reddish in 2005/06.

The STB is mostly quiet and tenuous, but includes long-lived structured sectors, which gradually catch up and collide with the structured sector f. oval BA.  These collisions happened in 2003/04, 2010, and 2013.

‘Jupiter’s South Temperate domain: Evolution 1991-1999 and dynamics of cyclonic structured sectors as seen in Hubble maps’

‘Jupiter’s South Temperate domain: Long-lived features 2001-2012 and systematic variations in latitude’

Jupiter's South Temperate Domain 2012-2015

The Great Red Spot (GRS)

Charts of GRS longitude charts from the 19^th century until now, from the JUPOS project:

            JUPOS site:  http://jupos.privat.t-online.de/index.htm

            --follow:  Drift charts & movies / Older drift charts

'The accelerating circulation of the Great Red Spot.'

            Rogers JH (2008 Feb.) JBAA 118 (no.1), 14-20.

            [This paper includes a summary of the history of the GRS, its progressive

            shrinkage over the decades, and its 90-day oscillation.]

            --under ‘Publications – Full Section Reports’

Follow-up report in 2012:

‘The accelerating circulation of the Great Red Spot.’

S. Equatorial Belt (SEB)

Mid-SEB convective outbreaks occurred in 1998, 2003, 2005, and 2008. (See interim reports). 

SEB Revivals, preceded by Fades, occurred in 2007 and 2010:

(i) Quiescence from 2006 Dec.; Fade started around 2007 March;  Revival started in 2007 May. 

(ii) Quiescence from 2009 June; Fade started around 2009 August;  Revival started in 2010 Nov.

(See Reports 2007, which include final reports posted on-line):

S. Equatorial Disturbance (SED)

The SED was a large wave-like feature in the SEBn jet, which existed from 1999 to 2009-10.  (A similar SED existed from 1977 to 1989.)  We defined and characterised it in the following papers: the first 3 are available under ‘Publications – Full Section Reports’:

4)  Simon-Miller AA,  Rogers JH, Gierasch PJ, Choi D, Allison MD, Adamoli G, Mettig H-J (2012). ‘Longitudinal variation and waves in Jupiter’s south equatorial wind jet.’

          Icarus 218, 817–830.   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2012.01.022 

5)  Its complete history is summarised in the following report published here:

       ‘The life of the South Equatorial Disturbance, 1999-2010’.

       --John Rogers (2012).

N. Equatorial Belt (NEB)

NEBs dark projections (infrared hotspots):

These prominent features are believed to be waves, and their behaviour in 2007 strongly supported this theory:

‘Jupiter in 2007: Final numerical report’ – Part 4:

NEB cycles:

The NEB undergoes a cycle with period 3-5 years, marked by rapid broadening to the north followedby gradual recession.  These ‘NEB broadening events’ occurred in 1987/88, 1993, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2009.  For a summary and discussion of them, see:

‘Jupiter in 2009:  Interim Report, with new insights into the NTZ disturbance, NEB expansion, and SEB fading.’

A more extreme version of this cycle occurred in 2012: a Fade and Revival of the NEB, comparable to those of the SEB.  (See ‘Reports’, which include final reports.)

Thermal waves:

Slow-moving thermal waves over the NEB, previously reported from professional infrared observatories, were shown by the Cassini spacecraft in 2000 to coincide with methane-dark waves.  We showed that these waves arose from large-scale eddies in the tropospheric cloud layer of the broadening NEB:

‘Jupiter in 2000/2001: Part II: Infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths: A review of multispectral imaging of the jovian atmosphere.’

--Rogers JH, Akutsu T, & Orton GS,  JBAA 114 (no.6), 313-330 (2004).   

Mergers of cyclonic barges and of anticyclonic white ovals in NEBn:

White spot Z (anticyclonic white oval

in: ‘Jupiter in 2013/14: Report no.3  

N. Temperate region

NTBs jetstream outbreaks:

The NTBs jet alternates between two states.  The ‘fast’ state was stable from 1991 to 2003 with long-lived vortices travelling along the jet.  In contrast the ‘super-fast’ state comprises sudden energetic outbreaks of brilliant plumes followed by revival and reddening of the belt. These super-fast outbreaks occurred every 5 years from 1970 to 1990 (assuming one during solar conjunction in 1985), and then again in 2007 and 2012.

We tracked the gradual acceleration of the NTBs jet before the 2007 outbreak:

‘Renewed acceleration of the 24°N jet on Jupiter.’

       Rogers JH, Mettig H-J, and Peach D (2006).  Icarus 184, 452-459.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2006.05.007

-------------------------

The superfast outbreak started in 2007 March, followed by thick orange aerosol over the revived belt from mid-2007 through 2008, then gradual fading. (See ‘Reports 2007’.)

‘The NTBs Jet in 2007 and 2008: Evidence on the structure of the jet and the nature of global upheavals.’

N.Temperate Disturbance:

This is a darkening of a sector of the NTZ, which can last for several years.  Some NTDs have developed ~2-3 years after NTBs super-fast jetstream outbreaks, as happened in 2009:

NTBs super-fast jetstream outbreaks usually suppress activity on the NNTBs jetstream, as noted in: 

‘Progress of Jupiter's great northern upheaval 2012 July-August.’

N.N. Temperate region

‘Jupiter’s high-latitude storms: A Little Red Spot tracked through a jovian year.’

--Rogers JH, Adamoli G & Mettig H-J  (2011 Feb.)  JBAA 121 (no.1), 19-29.

 (This paper analyses the anticyclonic ovals in the NNTZ, and identifies one which has existed since 1993 or earlier, which we name NN-LRS-1.  The interaction of the ovals with the wind speed gradient across the NNTZ is considered in detail.)

Follow-up report in 2012:

‘NNTZ: Anticyclonic ovals, 2008-2012’

--Gianluigi Adamoli & John Rogers:

in: ‘Jupiter in 2012/13:  Interim report no.9’, Appendix 1

Web pages maintained by the BAA Jupiter Section staff.